The Internet

The picture above and text above are from http://opte.org. This is a 2015 picture of the Internet. By the way, http://BILLSLATER.com , is a Class C IPv4 address, at 64.118.39.70, and is part of this map, somewhere. (This stuff is really exciting isn't it?).

 

The Internet Today

 

 

Predicting the Next 5000 Days of the Web - Kevin Kelly

 

 

 

Explaining the Internet
 

Dr. Vinton G. Cerf and Dr. Robert Kahn are TCP/IP's Co-creators:  This is the link to their paper that first explained TCP/IP.

TCP/IP is the protocol that has run the Internet since 1983 years. 

TCP/IP is actually two protocols that operate at different layers of the OSI Model.

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol.  It operates at Layer 4, the Transport Layer.

IP stands for Internet Protocol.  It operates at Layer 3, the Internet Layer.

 TCP/IP is also a large suite of network related protocols that include TCP, IP, UDP, ARP, etc.

The 1974 paper, A Protocol for Packet Network Interconnection, by Dr. Vint Cerf and Dr. Robert Kahn, at this link, presented about five years after the ARPANET was created, first described the TCP/IP protocol.

http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos561/papers/cerf74.pdf

Later, on January 1, 1983, the ARPANET became the Internet when all the nodes adopted the TCP/IP protocol for their standardized communication.

Without an Internet, there would be no World Wide Web, and there would certainly be no Facebook, Google, eBay, AMAZON.com, YouTube.com, CNN.com, etc.  In fact, the computer world would probably look like it did prior to the Internet
http://billslater.com/iso27001

Other important articles by Dr. Vinton Cerf:

Internet History - How the Internet Came to Be

Interview with Dr. Cerf in April 2012

 

Here's some very important TCP/IP Facts from Douglas Comer's book, The Internet Book:

What You Should Know About TCP/IP

The Internet exists today because of technical software and communications accomplishments made during the late 1970s and early 1980s.


The basic TCP/IP technology has accommodated growth and changes that the original designers did not imagine.


Computers now operate over 2,000 times faster than the computers that existed when TCP/IP was first built.


Despite an 2000% increase in the speed of the central Internet WAN, TCP/IP protocols have not changed; the same design continues to operate correctly at the higher speeds.


IP provides flexibility because it does not demand much from the network hardware and operates on almost any mechanism that can send bits from one location to another.


It accommodates many types of hardware because it makes almost no assumption about the underlying network hardware.


Because TCP/IP standards documents (RFCs) specify the exact way to send IP datagrams on a given type of network, computers and routers from multiple vendors always agree on the details.


TCP and IP work together to provide reliable data transmissions.


TCP handles communication problems that IP does not handle.


Because it constantly monitors conditions on the Internet and automatically adapts, TCP makes reliable communications possible even though the Internet experiences temporary congestion.


TCP/IP protocol software and the Internet were designed by talented, dedicated people.


The Internet was a dream that inspired and challenged the research team.


Researchers were allowed to experiment, even when there was no short-term economic payoff. Indeed, Internet research often used new, innovative technologies that were expensive compared to existing technologies.


Instead of dreaming about a system that solved all problems, researchers built the Internet to operate efficiently.


Researchers insisted that each part of the Internet work well in practice before they adopted it as a standard.


Internet technology solves an important, practical problem; the problem occurs whenever an organization has multiple networks.


In Summary
The Internet represents an incredible technical accomplishment. Although careful planning and attention to detail contributed to its success, agreement among researchers to demonstrate a practical, working system forced them to demonstrate ideas and eliminate weaknesses.

 

More on the Internet Protocol - IPv4

William Slater's IPv4 Page

IPv4 Address Exhaustion

Visit this link: https://goo.gl/3K5G8e

 

IPv6 - The Internet Protocol of the Future of the Internet

 

 

Comparing the Number of IPv4 Addresses to the Number of  IPv6 Addresses

 

To Migrate or Not to Migrate to IPv6

 

 

More IPv6 Information

Earn an IPv6 Certification - for Free from Hurricane Electric

IPv6: Politics of the Next Generation Internet -- A Doctoral Dissertation by Laura DeNardis

IPv6 at Virginia Tech -- History and Lessons Learned

Evaluating IPv6 Adoption in the Internet

Lots more IPv6 Information

 

The Real Internet Pioneers

 

Dr. Claude Shannon

Claude Shannon - The Father of the Modern Information Age. He first used Boolean Algebra to describe digital circuits. He won the Nobel Prize for his Masters Thesis in 1939, a paper titled, "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits” He also coined the term "bits", and today, his formulas are still used to describe the transmission of data in networks. The Founders of the ARPANET and the Internet considered this man a giant of the computer age, and used his ideas in their creations. Note:  Most of the Founders agree that Dr. Shannon's work was essential to the beginning of what became the Internet.  For more information, check him out at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Shannon 
 

Rest in Peace, Robert Taylor, 1932 - 2017

He managed to build the ARPANET with his Team for $1 million.

Robert Taylor's Obituary

Robert Taylor's Visionary 1968 Essay: The Computer as a Communications Device co-written with J.R.R. Licklider

 

1. Dr. Leonard Kleinrock, Paul Baran, and Larry Roberts

 


2. Dr. Vinton G. Cerf and Dr. Robert Kahn - TCP/IP Co-creators
This is the link to their paper that first explained TCP/IP.

 


3. Logical ARPANET diagram from March 1977

 

4. One of the first ARPANET diagrams from September 1969

5. Another ARPANET diagrams from September 1969

 

6.  TCP/IP and the Communications Stack Approach

 

 

7.   How TCP/IP works.

 


8. The partial Internet diagram from January 2005.


More maps of the Internet can be found at on http://opte.org . Each line is drawn between two nodes, representing two IP addresses. The length of the lines are indicative of the delay between those two nodes.
 

 

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Happy 30th Anniversary, Internet and TCP/IP!!!

January 1, 1983 - January 1, 2013

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Happy 40th Anniversary, ARPANET Team!!!

September 2, 1969 - September 2, 2009

 
   
 

Click on the thumbnail picture to see
a logical map of the ARPANET in March 1977.

 

 

Happy 40th Anniversary, ARPANET Project Team!!!

from William Slater and the rest of the ISOC-Chicago Chapter.

 

What your Team started in 1969, changed the World, for better and forever.

We are eternally grateful for your vision, your brainpower, your creativity, and your hard work!

Thank you from all of us here at ISOC-Chicago!!!

 

Internet History and Growth Presentation - Last Updated on Wednesday, December 29, 2011

 

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Copyright 1996 - 2017 by William F. Slater, III,
Chicago, IL, USA
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Last Updated: Thursday, January 24, 2019